Metal Terminology (I-L)金属术语I-L

MetalTerminology(I-L)金属术语I-L

MetalTerminologyI

IMPACTTEST
Testdesignedtodetermine,theresistanceofmetaltobreakagebyimpact,usuallybyconcentratingtheappliedstresstoanotchedspecimen.

INCLUSION
Particlesofimpurities(usuallyoxides,sulfides,silicates,etc.)thatareheldmechanicallyorareformedduringthesolidificationorbysubsequentreactionwithinthesolidmetal.

INDENTATIONHARDNESS
Theresistanceofamaterialtoindentation.Thisistheusualtypeofhardnesstest,inwhichapointedorroundedindenterispressedintoasurfaceunderasubstantiallystaticload.

INDUCTIONHARDENING
Aprocessofhardeningaferrousalloybyheatingitabovethetransformationrangebymeansofelectricalinduction,andthencoolingasrequired.

INDUCTIONHEATING
Aprocessofheatingbyelectricalinduction.

INGOT
Acastingforsubsequentrollingorforging.

INHIBITOR
Asubstancewhichretardssomespecificchemicalreaction.Picklinginhibitorsretardthedissolutionofmetalwithouthinderingtheremovalofscalefromsteel.

INTERLEAVING
Theplacingofasheetofpaperbetweentwoadjacentlayersofmetaltofacilitatehandlingandshearingofrectangularsheets,ortopreventstickingorscratching.

INTERMEDIATEANNEALING
Anannealingtreatmentgiventowroughtmetalsfollowingcoldworkhardeningforthepurposeofsoftnesspriortofurthercoldworking.(SeeProcessAnnealing)

INTERRUPTEDAGING
Theagingofanalloyattwoormoretemperaturesbysteps,andcoolingtoroomtemperaturesaftereachstep.ComparewithProgressiveAging.

IRON
(ChemicalSymbolFe.)ElementNo.26oftheperiodicsystem;Atomicweight55.85.Amagneticsilver-whitemetalofhightensilestrengthductileandmalleable.Meltingpointofpureironabout2795癋.Chemicallyironischieflybaseforming.Theprincipalformsofcommercialironaresteel,castironandwroughtiron.

IRONING
Thinningthewallsofdeepdrawnarticlesbyreducingtheclearancebetweenpunchanddie.

ISOTHERMALANNEALING
Aprocessonwhichaferrousalloyisheatedtoproduceastructurepartlyorwhollyaustenitic,andisthencooledtoandheldatatemperaturethatcausestransformationoftheaustenitetoarelativelysoftferrite-carbideaggregate.

MetalTerminologyJ
JIGSAWSTEEL
Hardened,temperedandbrightpolishedwithroundedges.Carboncontent.85%.Rangeofsizes.039to.393”inwidthand.016to.039”inthickness.

MetalTerminologyK
KILLEDSTEEL
Theterm“killed”indicatesthatthesteelhasbeensufficientlydeoxidizedtoquietthemoltenmetalwhenpouredintotheingotmold.Thegeneralpracticeistousealuminumferrosiliconormanganeseasdeoxidizingagents.Aproperlykilledsteelismoreuniformastoanalysisandiscomparativelyfreefromaging.However,forthesamecarbonandmanganesecontentKilledSteelisharderthanRimmedSteel.Ingeneralallsteelsabove0.25%carbonarekilled,alsoallforginggrades,structuralsteelsfrom0.15%to0.25%carbonandsomespecialsteelsinthelowcarbonrange.Moststeelsbelow0.1

MetalTerminologyL
LADLEANALYSIS
Atermappliedtothechemicalanalysisrepresentativeorinlayers,asreportedbytheproducer.Resultsaredeterminedbyanalyzingatestingotsampleobtainedduringthepouringofthesteelfromaladle.

LAMINATIONS
Adefectappearinginsheetsorstripsasasegregationorinlayers.Tobecomedivided,causedbygaspocketsintheingot.(SeeColdShut)

LAP
Asurfacedefectappearingasaseam,causedbyfoldingoverhotmetal,finsorsharpcornersandthenrollingorforgingthemintothesurfacebutnotweldingthem.

LAP-WELD
Atermappliedtoaweldformedbylappingtwopiecesofmetalandthenpressingorhammering,andappliedparticularlytothelongitudinaljointproducedbyaweldingprocessfortubesorpipe,inwhichtheedgesoftheskelparebeveledorscarfedsothatwhentheyareoverlappedtheycanbeweldedtogether.

LATTICE
Spacelattice.Latticelinesandlatticeplanesarelinesandplaneschosensoastopassthroughcollinearlatticepoints,andnoncollinearlatticepoints,respectively.

LEADANNEALING
(SeeBathAnnealing)

LEVELING
Flatteningrolledmetalsheetorstrip.(SeeRollerandStretcherLeveling)

LIGHTMETALS
Metalsandalloysthathavealowspecificgravity,suchasberyllium,magnesiumandaluminum.

LITHOGRAPHICSHEETALUMINUM
Sheethavingasuperiorsurfaceononesidewithrespecttofreedomfromsurfaceimperfectionsandsuppliedwithamaximumdegreeofflatness,foruseasaplateinoffsetprinting.

LONGTERNE
Atermapplyingtosteelsheetsthathavebeenternecoated(LeadandTin)byimmersioninabathofTerneMetal.(SeeTernePlate)

LOWBRASS-80%cu.
Acopper-zincalloycontaining20%zinc.Isalightgoldencolor,veryductile,suitableforcupping,drawing,forming,etc.Becauseofitsgoodstrengthandcorrosionresistanceitisusedforflexiblemetalhoses,metalbellows,etc.

LOWCARBONSTEELS
Containfrom0.10to0.30%carbonandlessthan0.60%manganese.(TheproductofBasicOxygen,Bessemer,OpenHearthorElectricProcesses.)

LUDERSLINES
(Steel)-CharacteristicofNo.5Temper-NotadefectinNo.5deadsofttemper.Longvein-likemarksappearingonthesurfaceofcertainmetals,inthedirectionofthemaximumshearstress,whenthemetalissubjectedtodeformationbeyondtheyieldpoint.Alsocalledstretcherstrains,similaroccurrenceincertainaluminumalloys,etc.(SeeStretcherStrains)

LUSTERFINISH
RefertoFINISHES.