Metal Terminology (N-O)金属术语N-O

MetalTerminology(N-O)金属术语N-O

MetalTerminologyN
NATURALAGING
Spontaneousagingofasupersaturatedsolidsolutionatroomtemperature.

NEEDLECUTTERSTEEL
Usuallysuppliedquarterhardrolled,extraprecisionrolledwithshearededges.Carboncontent1.25%-Chromium.15%.Usuallysuppliedina2”widthfrom.002to.035”.Usedforcuttingtheeyeofneedleandmillingthelatchinalatchneedle.

NETWORKSTRUCTURE
Astructureinwhichthecrystalsofoneconstituentaresurroundedbyenvelopesofanotherconstituentwhichgivesanetwork.

NICKEL
(ChemicalsymbolNi)-ElementNo.28oftheperiodicsystem;atomicweight58.69.Silverywhite,slightlymagneticmetal,ofmediumhardnessandhighdegreeofductilityandmalleabilityandresistancetochemicalandatmosphericcorrosion;meltingpoint265l癋.;boilingpointabout5250癋.,specificgravity8.90.Usedforelectroplating.Usedasanalloyingagent,itisofgreatimportanceiniron-basealloysinstainlesssteelsandincopper-basealloyssuchasCupro-nickel,aswellasinnickel-basealloyssuchasMonelMetal.Itsprincipalfunctionsasanalloyinsteelmaking:(1)Strengthensunquenchedorannealedsteels.(2)Toughenspearlitic-ferriticsteels(especiallyatlowtemperature).(3)Rendershigh-chromiumironalloysaustenitic.

NICKELSILVER
Copperbasealloysthatcontain10-45%Zn.and5-30%Ni.

NICKELSTEEL
Steelcontainingnickelasanalloyingelement.Varyingamountsareaddedtoincreasethestrengthinthenormalizedconditiontoenablehardeningtobeperformedinoilorairinsteadofwater.

NITRIDING
Processofsurfacehardeningcertaintypesofsteelbyheatinginammoniagasatabout935-1000癋.Theincreaseinhardnessbeingtheresultofsurfacenitrideformation.Certainalloyingconstituents,principalamongthembeingaluminum,greatlyfacilitatethehardeningreaction.Ingeneral,thedepthofthecaseislessthanwithcarburizing.

NITRIDINGSTEEL
Steelwhichisparticularlysuitedforthenitridingprocess,thatis,itwillformaveryhardandadherentsurfaceuponpropernitriding(heatinginapartiallydissociatedatmosphereofammoniagas).Compositionusually.20-.40%carbon,.90-1.50%chromium,.15-1.00%molybdenum,and.85-1.20%aluminum.

NON-FERROUSMETALS
Metalsoralloysthatarefreeofironorcomparativelyso.

NON-METALLICINCLUSIONS
Impurities(commonlyoxides),sulphides,silicatesorsimilarsubstancesheldinmetalsmechanicallyduringsolidificationorformedbyreactionsinthesolidstate.

NON-REFRACTORYALLOY
Atermopposedtorefractoryalloy.Anon-refractoryalloyhasmalleability,thatis,easeofflatteningwhensubjectedtorollingorhammering.

NON-SCALLOPINGQUALITYSTRIPSTEEL
Stripsteelorderedorsoldonthebasisofabsenceofunevenness,orears,ontheedgesofthesteel,whensubjectedtodeepdrawing.

NORMALIZING
Aheattreatmentappliedtosteel.Involvesheatingabovethecriticalrangefollowedbycoolinginstillair.Isperformedtorefinethecrystalstructureandeliminateinternalstress.

NUMBERASPERTAININGTOEDGE
(SeeEdge)

NUMBERASPERTAININGTOHARDNESS
Incopperbasealloysindustry;temperisreferredtoassomanynumbershard,i.e.;YellowBrassHalfHardistermed2numbershard.ThistermisderivedfromterminologyusedonthemillfloorwherebytemperorhardnessisimpartedbycoldworkingandclassifiedastohardnessbythenumberofBrown&Sharpegagesawayfromthesoftoras-annealedstate.

NUMBERASPERTAININGTOTEMPER
(SeeTemper)

MetalTerminologyO
OILHARDENING
Aprocessofhardeningaferrousalloyofsuitablecompositionbyheatingwithinorabovethetransformationrangeandquenchinginoil.

OIL-HARDENINGSTEEL
Steeladaptabletohardeningbyheattreatmentandquenchinginoil.

OILSTAINALUMINUM
Stainproducedbytheincompleteburningofthelubricantsonthesurfaceofthesheet.Rollingsubsequenttostainingwillchangecolorfromdarkerbrownstolighterbrownsdowntowhite.

OLSEN(DUCTILITY)TEST
Amethodofmeasuringtheductilityanddrawingpropertiesofstriporsheetmetalwhichinvolvesdeterminationofthewidthanddepthofimpression.Thetestsimulatingadeepdrawingoperationismadebyastandardsteelballunderpressure,continuinguntilthecupformedfromthemetalsamplefractures.Readingsareinthousandthsofaninch.Thistestissometimesusedtodetectstretcherstrainingandindicatesthesurfacefinishafterdrawing,similartotheErichsenductilitytest.

OPEN-HEARTHPROCESS
Processofmakingsteelbyheatingthemetalinthehearthofaregenerativefurnace.Inthebasicopen-hearthsteelprocess,theliningofthehearthisbasic,usuallymagnesite;whereasintheacidopen-hearthsteelprocess,anacidmaterial,silica,isusedasthefurnaceliningandpigiron,extremelylowinphosphorous(lessthan0.04%),istherawmaterialchargedin.

OPENSURFACE
Roughsurfaceonblackplate,sheetorstrip,resultingfromimperfectionsintheoriginalsteelbarsfromwhichtheplatewasrolled.

ORANGEPEEL
(Effect)-Asurfaceroughening(defect)encounteredinformingproductsfrommetalstockthathasacoarsegrainsize.Itisduetounevenflowortotheappearanceoftheoverlylargegrainsusuallytheresultofannealingattoohighatemperature.Alsoreferredtoas“pebbles”and“alligatorskin.”

ORE
Amineralfromwhichmetalis(ormaybe)extracted.

ORIENTATION
(Crystal)-Arrangementofcertaincrystalaxesorcrystalplanesinapolycrystallineaggregatewithrespecttoagivendirectionorplane.Ifthereisanytendencyforonearrangementtopredominate,itisknownasthepreferredorientation.Intheabsenceofanysuchpreference,randomorientationexists.

OSCILLATEDWOUNDORSCROLLWOUND
Amethodofevenwindingmetalstriporwireontoareelormandrelwhereinthestrandsareuniformlyoverlapped.Sometimestermed“staggerwound”or“vibratedwound.”Theoppositeofribbonwound.

OVERAGING
Agingunderconditionsoftimeandtemperaturegreaterthanthoserequiredtoobtainmaximumstrength.

OXIDATION
Theadditionofoxygentoacompound.Exposuretoatmospheresometimesresultsinoxidationoftheexposedsurface,henceastainingordiscoloration.Thiseffectisincreasedwithtemperatureincrease.

OXIDE
Compoundofoxygenwithanotherelement.

OXYGENLANCE
Alengthofpipeusedtoconveyoxygenontoabathofmoltenmetal.