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Ramadan(Muslim’sHolyMonth)
theninthmonthoftheMuslimcalendar(Muslim)
Ramadan（斋月）istheninthmonthoftheMuslimcalendar.TheMonthofRamadanisalsowhenitisbelievedtheHolyQuran（《古兰经》）"wassentdownfromheaven,aguidanceuntomen,adeclarationofdirection,andameansofSalvation"
ItisduringthismonththatMuslimsfast（斋戒）.ItiscalledtheFastofRamadanandlaststheentiremonth.RamadanisatimewhenMuslimsconcentrateontheirfaithandspendlesstimeontheconcernsoftheireverydaylives.Itisatimeofworshipandcontemplation
DuringtheFastofRamadanstrictrestraintsareplacedonthedailylivesofMuslims.Theyarenotallowedtoeatordrinkduringthedaylighthours.Smokingandsexualrelationsarealsoforbiddenduringfasting.Attheendofthedaythefastisbrokenwithprayerandamealcalledtheiftar.IntheeveningfollowingtheiftaritiscustomaryforMuslimstogooutvisitingfamilyandfriends.Thefastisresumedthenextmorning.
AccordingtotheHolyQuran:
Onemayeatanddrinkatanytimeduringthenight"untilyoucanplainlydistinguishawhitethreadfromablackthreadbythedaylight:thenkeepthefastuntilnight"
Thegoodthatisacquiredthroughthefastcanbedestroyedbyfivethings:
--thetellingofalie
--slander
--denouncingsomeonebehindhisback
--afalseoath
--greedorcovetousness
Theseareconsideredoffensiveatalltimes,butaremostoffensiveduringtheFastofRamadan
DuringRamadan,itiscommonforMuslimstogototheMasjid(Mosque清真寺)andspendseveralhoursprayingandstudyingtheQuran.Inadditiontothefivedailyprayers,duringRamadanMuslimsreciteaspecialprayercalledtheTaraweehprayer(NightPrayer).Thelengthofthisprayerisusually2-3timesaslongasthedailyprayers.SomeMuslimsspendtheentirenightinprayer.
Ontheeveningofthe27thdayofthemonth,MuslimscelebratetheLaylat-al-Qadr(theNightofPower).ItisbelievedthatonthisnightMuhammadfirstreceivedtherevelationoftheHolyQuran.AndaccordingtotheQuran,thisiswhenGoddeterminesthecourseoftheworldforthefollowingyear.
Whenthefastends(thefirstdayofthemonthofShawwal回历的十月)itiscelebratedforthreedaysinaholidaycalledId-al-Fitr(theFeastofFastBreaking开斋节).Giftsareexchanged.Friendsandfamilygathertoprayincongregation（圣会）andforlargemeals.InsomecitiesfairsareheldtocelebratetheendoftheFastofRamadan.