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FarandawaythemostimportantholidayinChinaisSpringFestival,alsoknownastheChineseNewYear.TotheChinesepeopleitisasimportantasChristmastopeopleintheWest.ThedatesforthisannualcelebrationaredeterminedbythelunarcalendarratherthantheGregoriancalendar,sothetimingoftheholidayvariesfromlateJanuarytoearlyFebruary.
TotheordinaryChinese,thefestivalactuallybeginsontheeveofthelunarNewYear"sDayandendsonthefifthdayofthefirstmonthofthelunarcalendar.Butthe15thofthefirstmonth,whichnormallyiscalledtheLanternFestival,meanstheofficialendoftheSpringFestivalinmanypartsofthecountry.
PreparationsfortheNewYearbeginthelastfewdaysofthelastmoon,whenhousesarethoroughlycleaned,debtsrepaid,haircutandnewclothespurchased.Housesarefestoonedwithpaperscrollsbearingauspiciousantitheticalcouplet(asshowonbothsideofthepage)andinmanyhomes,peopleburnincenseathomeandinthetemplestopayrespectstoancestorsandaskthegodsforgoodhealthinthecomingmonths.
"GuoNian,"meaning"passingtheyear,"isthecommontermamongtheChinesepeopleforcelebratingtheSpringFestival.Itactuallymeansgreetingthenewyear.Atmidnightattheturnoftheoldandnewyear,peopleusedtoletofffire-crackerswhichservetodriveawaytheevilspiritsandtogreetthearrivalofthenewyear.Inaninstantthewholecitywouldbeengulfedinthedeafeningnoiseofthefirecrackers.
OnNewYear"sEve,allthemembersoffamiliescometogethertofeast.Jiaozi,asteameddumplingaspicturedbelow,ispopularinthenorth,whilesouthernersfavorastickysweetglutinousricepuddingcalledniangao