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QingMinghasbeenoneofthemostpopularfestivitiesinChinaforthousandsofyears.Peopleonthatdaygoandpayrespectstoforebearsattheirtombsandgoforoutings.Itisadayshortlyafterwinterisover,adayinearlyspring,theseasoninwhichvegetationbegins.
QingMingFestivalisalsoknownasHanshiJie,ortheDayofEatingThingsCold.DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodsometwothousandyearsago,ChongEr,sonofDukeXianoftheStateofJin,wasforcedtoliveinexileinaforeignlandfornineteenyears.Mostofhisfollowerscouldnotwithstandthehardshipsanymoreandlefthiminthelurch.OnlyJieZituiandfiveorsixothersstucktohimloyally.WhenChongErwishedtohavesomemeat,whichwasnotavailable,Jiestealthilycutoffsomefleshfromhisownarmandcookeditforhimtoeat.Later,ChongErbecameDukeWenoftheStateofJinwiththehelpofDukeMuoftheStateofQin.Torewardthosewhofollowedhimthroughouttheexileaccordingtotheirmerits,hegrantedthemtitlesandfiefs.JieZitui,however,afterconsultingwithhismother,decidednottoseekwealthandpositionbuttoliveasecludedlifeinamountain---Mianshan.ChongErwentpersonallytolookforhimbutforseveraldaysrunninghecouldnotfindthemotherandson.HeknewJielovedhismotherdearly,calculatingJiewouldcomeoutwithhismotherifhesetthemountainonfire.ButJiewouldratherdiethanacceptarewardforhismeritoriousdeedsofthepast.Forthreedaysandnights,thefirekeptburningandfinallyreducedthewholeplacetoashes.BothJieandhismotherwerefoundtohavebeenburnttodeath,theirarmsclingingtoascorchedwillowtree.ChongErfeltverysadandJieandhismotherburiedinthemountain,whereashrinewaserected,andrenamedthemountainafterhiminhismemory.TorememberforeverJie’sloyaltyforhim,ChongErhadthescorchedwillowtreefelledandbroughtbacktomakeapairofwoodenshoes.Everydayhewouldsighattheshoesandlament:”Alas,thefeetunder!"Henceforth,incorrespondencewithatrustedfriend,peopleinChinaliketobeginaletterwith"tosoandsothefeetunder"asthesalutation.
ThedayDukeWenofJinsetfireonMianshanhappenedtobetheQingMingFestival.TopayhimrespectsandinappreciationofthesterlingqualityofJieZitui,whowouldratherbeburnttodeaththanbegivenafief,peopleonthatdayputouttheirkitchenfireandeatcoldthingspreparedbeforehand.Intime,thishasbecomeanacceptedcustom.Thisisalsothedayforpeopletosweepcleanthetombsoftheirancestorsandmournthedead.
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