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Aribbonisathinbandofflexiblematerial,typicallyclothbutalsoplasticorsometimesmetal,usedprimarilyforbindingandtying.Cloth(esp.silk)ribbonsareoftenusedinconnectionwithdress,butalsoappliedforinnumerableuseful,ornamentalandsymbolicalpurposes;culturesaroundtheworldusethisdeviceintheirhair,aroundthebody,orevenasornamentationonanimals,buildings,andotherareas.Ribbonisalsosometimesusedasapackagesealer,onparwithtwine.Atypewriterusesaclothorplasticribbontoholdtheink.
Alongwiththatoftapes,fringesandothersmallwares,themanufactureofclothribbonsformsaspecialdepartmentofthetextileindustries.Theessentialfeatureofaribbonloomisthesimultaneousweavinginoneloomframeoftwoormorewebs,goinguptoasmanyasfortynarrowfabricsinmodernlooms.
Toeffecttheconjoinedthrowingofalltheshuttlesandthevariousothermovementsoftheloom,theautomaticactionofthepower-loomisnecessary;anditisaremarkablefactthattheself-actingribbonloomwasknownandextensivelyusedmorethanacenturybeforethefamousinventionofCartwright.AloominwhichseveralnarrowwebscouldbewovenatonetimeismentionedashavingbeenworkinginDantzigtowardstheendofthe16thcentury.SimilarloomswereatworkinLeidenin1620,wheretheirusegaverisetosomuchdiscontentandriotingonthepartoftheweaversthatthestates-generalhadtoprohibittheiruse.Theprohibitionwasrenewedatvariousintervalsthroughoutthecentury,andinthesameintervaltheuseoftheribbonloomwasinterdictedinmostoftheprincipalindustrialcentresofEurope.About1676,underthenameoftheDutchloomorengineloom,itwasbroughttoLondon;and,althoughitsintroductiontherecausedsomedisturbance,itdoesnotappeartohavebeenprohibited.In1745,JohnKay,theinventorofthefly-shuttle,obtained,conjointlywithJosephStell,apatentforimprovementsintheribbonloom;andsincethatperiodithasbenefitedbytheinventionsappliedtoweavingmachinerygenerally.
Ribbon-weavingisknowntohavebeenestablishednearSt.Etienne(dep.Loire)asearlyasthe11thcentury,andthattownhasremainedtheheadquartersoftheindustry.DuringtheHuguenottroubles,ribbon-weaversfromSt.EtiennesettledatBaselandthereestablishedanindustrywhichinmoderntimeshasrivalledthatoftheoriginalseatofthetrade.CrefeldisthecentreoftheGermanribbonindustry,themanufactureofblackvelvetribbonbeingthereaspecialty.InEnglandCoventryisthemostimportantseatofribbon-making,whichisalsoprosecutedatNorwichandLeicester.