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- Quilting
- Afabricconstructioninwhichalayerofdownorfiberfillisplacedbetweentwolayersoffabric,andthenheldinplacebystitchingorsealinginaregular,consistent,all-overpatternonthegoods.
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- Ramie
- Abastfiber,similartoflax,takenfromthestalkofaplantgrowninChina.
- RaschelKnit
- Awarpknittedfabricinwhichtheresultingknitfabricresembleshandcrochetedfabrics,lacefabrics,andnettings.Raschelwarpknitscontaininlaidconnectingyarnsinadditiontocolumnsofknitstitches.
- RibKnit
- Abasicstitchusedinweftknittinginwhichtheknittingmachinesrequiretwosetsofneedlesoperatingatrightanglestoeachother.Ribknitshaveaveryhighdegreeofelasticityinthecrosswisedirection.Thisknittedfabricisusedforcompletegarmentsandforsuchspecializedusesassleevebands,neckbands,sweaterwaistbands,andspecialtypesoftrimsforusewithotherknitorwovenfabrics.Lightweightsweatersinribknitsprovideaclose,body-huggingfit.
- RibWeave
- Oneoftheplainweavevariations,whichisformedbyusing:1)heavyyarnsinthewarporfillingdirection,or2)asubstantiallyhighernumberofyarnsperinchinonedirectionthanintheother,or3)severalyarnsgroupedtogetherasone.Ribfabricsareallcharacterizedbyhavingaslightridgeeffectinonedirection,usuallythefilling.Suchfabricsmayhaveproblemswithyarnslippage,abrasionresistance,andtearstrength.Examplesofthisconstructionincludebroadcloth,poplin,taffeta,faille,shantung,andcordfabric.
- Rayon
- Amanufacturedfibercomposedofregeneratedcellulose,derivedfromwoodpulp,cottonlinters,orothervegetablematter.Today,variousnamesforrayonfibersaretakenfromdifferentmanufacturingprocesses.Thetwomostcommonlyusedproductionmethodsforrayonarethecuprammoniumprocessandtheviscoseprocess.
- Repellency
- Theabilityofafabrictoresistsuchthingsaswettingandstainingbywater,stains,soil,etc.
- Resiliency
- Theabilityofafabrictospringbacktoitsoriginalshapeafterbeingtwisted,crushed,wrinkled,ordistortedinanyway.
- Rip-stopNylon
- Alightweight,windresistant,andwaterresistantplainweavefabric.Largeribyarnsstoptearswithoutaddingexcessweighttoactivesportswearapparelandoutdoorequipmentsuchassleepingbagsandtents.
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- Sailcloth
- Anyheavy,plain-weavecanvasfabric,usuallymadeofcotton,linen,polyester,jute,nylon,etc.thatisusedforsailsandapparel(i.e.bottomweightsportswear).
- SaranFiber
- Amanufacturedfiberwhichhasanexcellentresistancetosunlightandweathering,andisusedinlawnfurniture,upholstery,andcarpets.
- SateenFabric
- Afabricmadefromyarnswithlowluster,suchascottonorotherstaplelengthfibers.Thefabrichasasoft,smoothhandandagentle,subtleluster.Sateenfabricsareoftenusedfordraperiesandupholstery.
- SateenWeave
- Avariationofthesatinweave,producedbyfloatingfillyarnsoverwarpyarns.
- SatinFabric
- Atraditionalfabricutilizingasatinweaveconstructiontoachievealustrousfabricsurface.Satinisatraditionalfabricforeveningandweddinggarments.Typicalexamplesofsatinweavefabricsinclude:slippersatin,crepe-backsatin,faillesatin,bridalsatin,moleskin,andantiquesatin.
- SatinWeave
- Abasicweave,characterizedbylongfloatsofyarnonthefaceofthefabric.Theyarnsareinterlacedinsuchamannerthatthereisnodefinite,visiblepatternofinterlacingand,inthismanner,asmoothandsomewhatshinysurfaceeffectisachieved.Theshinysurfaceeffectisfurtherincreasedthroughtheuseofhighlusterfilamentfibersinyarnswhichalsohavealowamountoftwist.Atruesatinweavefabricalwayshasthewarpyarnsfloatingoverfillingyarns.
- Seersucker
- Awovenfabricwhichincorporatesmodificationoftensioncontrol.Intheproductionofseersucker,someofthewarpyarnsareheldundercontrolledtensionatalltimesduringtheweaving,whileotherwarpyarnsareinarelaxedstateandtendtopuckerwhenthefillingyarnsareplaced.Theresultproducesapuckeredstripeeffectinthefabric.Seersuckeristraditionallymadeintosummersportswearsuchasshirts,trousers,andinformalsuits.
- SelvageorSelvedge
- Thethincompressededgeofawovenfabricwhichrunsparalleltothewarpyarnsandpreventsraveling.Itisusuallywoven,utilizingtougheryarnsandatighterconstructionthantherestofthefabric.
- Serge
- Afabricwithasmoothhandthatiscreatedbyatwo-up,two-downtwillweave.
- Serging
- Anovercastingtechniquedoneonthecutedgeofafabrictopreventraveling.
- Shantung
- Amedium-weight,plainweavefabric,characterizedbyaribbedeffect,resultingfromslubbedyarnsusedinthewarporfillingdirection.End-usesincludedressesandsuits.
- Sharkskin
- Ahard-finished,lowlustered,medium-weightfabricinatwill-weaveconstruction.Itismostcommonlyfoundinmen’sworstedsuitings;however,itcanalsobefoundinaplain-weaveconstructionofacetate,triacetate,andrayonforwomen’ssportswear.>
- Silk
- Anaturalfilamentfiberproducedbythesilkwormintheconstructionofitscocoon.Mostsilkiscollectedfromcultivatedworms;Tussahsilk,orwildsilk,isathicker,shorterfiberproducedbywormsintheirnaturalhabitat.AllsilkcomesfromAsia,primarilyChina.
- Sisal
- AstrongbastfiberthatoriginatesfromtheleavesoftheAgaveplant,whichisfoundintheWestIndies,CentralAmerica,andAfrica.End-usesincludecordageandtwine.
- Solution-dyed
- Atypeoffiberdyeinginwhichcoloredpigmentsareinjectedintothespinningsolutionpriortotheextrusionofthefiberthroughthespinneret.Fibersandyarnscoloredinthismannerarecolor-fasttomostdestructiveagents.
- SpandexFiber
- Amanufacturedelastomericfiberthatcanberepeatedlystretchedover500%withoutbreaking,andwillstillrecovertoitsoriginallength.
- Spinneret
- Ametalnozzletypedevicewithveryfineholesusedinthespinningprocessofmanufacturedfibers.Thespinningsolutionisforcedorextrudedthroughthesmallholestoformcontinuousfilamentfibers.Theholesinthespinneretcanvaryindiametertoproducefibersofvariousdenier.
- SpotWeave
- Awovenconstructioninwhichpatternsarebuiltinatspacedintervalsthroughtheuseofextrawarpand/orextrafillyarnsareplacedinselectedareas.TheseyarnsarewovenintothefabricbymeansofadobbyorJacquardattachment.
- SpunYarn
- Ayarnmadebytakingagroupofshortstaplefibers,whichhavebeencutfromthelongercontinuousfilamentfibers,andthentwistingtheseshortstaplefiberstogethertoformasingleyarn,whichisthenusedforweavingorknittingfabrics.
- StapleFibers
- Shortfibers,typicallyrangingfrom1/2inchupto18incheslong.Wool,cotton,andflaxexistonlyasstaplefibers.Manufacturedstaplefibersarecuttoaspecificlengthfromthecontinuousfilamentfiber.Usuallythestaplefiberiscutinlengthsrangingfrom1-1/2inchesto8incheslong.Agroupofstaplefibersaretwistedtogethertoformayarn,whichisthenwovenorknitintofabrics.
- Surah
- Alightweight,lustroustwillweaveconstructedfabricwithasilk-likehand.Surahisthefabricofties,dresses,andfurnishings.Itisavailableinsilk,polyester,andrayon.
