Non-Wovens Definition 非纺织而成的纺织品的定义

Non-woventextilesarethosewhichareneitherwovennorknit,forexamplefelt.Non-wovensaretypicallynotstrong(unlessreinforcedbyabacking),anddonotstretch.Theyarecheaptomanufacture.

Non-wovenfabricismanufacturedbyputtingsmallfiberstogetherintheformofasheetandthenbindingthemeitherwithanadhesiveorbyinterlockingthemwithserratedneedlessuchthattheinter-fiberfrictionresultsinastrongfabric.

Rawmaterial

Non-wovenmaterialsarenowadaysmainlyproducedfromman-madefibers.Twosyntheticpolymersdominatethemarket:polypropyleneandpolyesters(mainlyPET).

Applications

Non-wovenmaterialsareusedinnumerousapplications,including:

• Hygiene

1. Babydiapers
2. Femininehygiene
3. Adultincontinenceproducts

• Wipes

1. Domestic
2. Technical

• Filters
• Geotextiles
• Carpetbacking
• Composites

Manufacturingprocesses

Staplenon-wovens

Staplenon-wovensaremadeintwosteps.Fibersarefirstspun,cuttoafewcentimeterslength,andputintobales.Thesebalesarethendispersedonaconveyorbelt,andthefibersarespreadinauniformwebbyawetlaidprocessorbycarding.

Spunlaidnon-wovens

Spunlaidnon-wovensaremadeinonecontinuousprocess.Fibersarespunanddirectlydispersedinawebbydeflectors.Thistechniqueleadstofasterbeltspeeds,andcheapercosts.Severalvariantsofthisconceptareavailable,buttheleadingtechnologyistheReicofilmachinery,manufacturedbyReifenha黶er(Germany).

Bonding

Bothstapleandspunlaidnon-wovenswouldhavenomechanicalresistancepersewithoutthebondingstep.Severalmethodscanbeused:

• thermalbonding:calenderingthroughheatedrollers(calledspunbondwhencombinedwithspunlaid)
• hydro-entanglement:mechanicalintertwiningoffibersbywaterjets
• needlefelt:mechanicalintertwiningoffibersbyneedles